Communicative functions: Talking about experience

Who or what is involved?

Referring to a specific person, place or thing

In our everyday lives we often refer to specific people, places, animals and things.

When referring to specific people, animals, places, events or things, we often use proper nouns:

Mr Gong
Barney the Dog
Victoria Harbour
Christmas Day
The Oxford Dictionary

When we use common nouns, we generally use a 'pointing word' (determiner) in front of the noun to signal which specific thing we are referring to:

pointing word example
indefinite article (a/an) a friendly lizard
definite article (the) the children's classroom
demonstrative (this, that, these, those) those well-behaved children
possessive (my, your, his, her, our, their) his pyjamas

We usually refer to specific people, places and things in text types such as stories, recounts and particular descriptions.


To find out more about referring to specific people, places and things, go to the following sections. (To return to this page, use the back button on your browser.) 

Grammar

Here you will find more information about referring to specific people, places and things by using various grammatical features.

Determiners (eg referring to specific people, articles, demonstratives, possessives)
Nouns (eg common/proper)
Noun groups (eg pointing)

Text types

Here you will find examples of text types that focus on specific people, places and things.

Particular Descriptions (eg describing people and things; describing places)
Recounts (eg putting people and things into events)
Stories (eg creating characters)
Reviews (eg identifying and describing the characters)

Tell me more ...

Introduction
Identifying people, places and things
Making general statements
Referring to a specific person, place or thing
Showing possession
Showing quantities
Describing people, animals, places and things
Making comparisons


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